3D printing technology has revolutionized medicine, particularly in orthopedic oncology and rehabilitation, by enabling the creation of customized implants, prostheses, and surgical tools. Its ability to produce complex, patient-specific structures with precise mechanical properties has significantly improved surgical outcomes and treatment effectiveness. Additionally, advancements in digital imaging and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies have streamlined the design and manufacturing process, reducing production time while enhancing comfort and functionality. The continuous development of materials and printing techniques ensures further innovations in personalized medical solutions, making 3D printing a key tool in modern healthcare. The aim of this review is to evaluate the usefulness and development of 3D printing in rehabilitation, focusing on its impact on prosthetics and orthotics. The review of contemporary literature confirms that 3D printing significantly enhances the customization, efficiency, and accessibility of prosthetics and orthotics in rehabilitation. Studies indicate that 3D-printed devices provide comparable or superior biomechanical performance and comfort compared to traditionally manufactured solutions. Additionally, advancements in digital imaging and CAD/CAM technologies have optimized the design and production process, reducing manufacturing time while maintaining precision. 3D printing has emerged as a groundbreaking technology in rehabilitation, offering highly customizable and cost-effective solutions for prosthetics and orthotics. The integration of digital imaging and CAD/CAM technologies further refines the design process, ensuring greater precision. As research and material advancements continue, 3D printing is expected to play an increasingly significant role in rehabilitation, improving patient care and quality of life.