Aim: To study the impact of modern fitness technologies on the health and physical development of students in the learning process. Materials and Methods: The research involved 108 students (52 male and 56 female students), which formed the experimental (EG) and the control (CG) groups. The EG male students were engaged in such type of fitness technologies as Strenflex during physical education training sessions, and the EG female students – Dance Aerobics. Students’ health was assessed by Stange and Genchi tests, Rufier and strength indices; and physical development – by the level of development of physical qualities. Results: It was found that Strenflex training sessions have a positive effect on all studied health indicators of male students (Stangea and Genchi tests, Rufi and strength indices), and Dance Aerobics training sessions are more effective in improving the functional capabilities of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, and less effective in developing the strength capabilities of female students. It has also been established that the most pronounced effect of the applied modern fitness technologies is on the development of strength qualities in men, endurance, and flexibility in men and women. Conclusions: The effectiveness of modern fitness technologies in physical education in educational institutions to improve students’ health and physical development has been proven. The level of health and physical development of students, formed in the process of conscious training, will contribute to their successful learning and life-sustaining activities, as well as to maintaining the necessary level of motor activity in the future.