Introduction. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) can be treated with several methods, including surgical and non-surgical techniques. Non-surgical methods include wrist splinting, systemic pharmacotherapy, intracarpal injections of steroids hydrodissection, acupuncture, nerve and tendon mobilization, osteopathy, taping, topical application of ointments, laser, ultrasound and shock-wave therapies. These treatments are generally less effective than surgery, and provide only short-lived effect, but it may be quite sufficient for a certain category of patients, particularly those suffering from mild symptoms. Over the last years, these techniques have attracted increasing popularity, because they offer non-invasive option for surgical treatment what can be attractive for some patients. However, although these methods were shown in the literature, their actual effectiveness has not been scientifically verified. The objective of this study was a review of the effectiveness of non-operative methods of treatment of CTS. Methods. A review of the published literature from PubMed and Medline databases on the effectiveness of CTS non-operative treatments of was done. Results. The review indicates that each of the presented methods is effective in reduction of symptoms and improvement of hand function in CTS patients, but their effect is only short-lived. None of these treatments provides a permanent cure, like does surgical treatment. Conclusion. In spite of numerous non-operative treatments of CTS, surgery is the only method that provides permanent recovery.