Innovative Therapeutic Strategies in the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): A Review of Progress and Perspectives
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1
Gastroenterology, Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Poland
2
surgery, Hospital of Our Lady of Perpetual Help in Wołomin, Wołomin, Poland, Poland
3
Pediatrics, Independent Public Healthcare Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Gdansk, Poland, Poland
Submission date: 2024-03-17
Final revision date: 2024-05-20
Acceptance date: 2024-06-10
Publication date: 2024-07-24
Wiadomości Lekarskie 2024;77(6):1271-1276
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ABSTRACT
In this review, we discuss current, new and experimental therapies for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), demonstrating the need for innovation beyond traditional pharmacotherapy, lifestyle changes and surgical options. The review explores the pathophysiology of GERD, highlighting the key role of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and factors contributing to the development of GERD, such as LES dysfunction and esophageal clearance problems. Based on medical articles from the PubMed database, we have selected the most groundbreaking and, in our opinion, practical to use in the future methods of dealing with this ailment. These methods base their importance on both pharmacological interventions, lifestyle modifications and treatments requiring surgery. The article highlights the growing importance of innovative technologies and personalized treatment plans. Innovations such as advanced endoscopic procedures, new classes of drugs, and automatic electrical stimulation are reducing the need for surgical procedures that carry a high risk of complications with low efficacy. Endoscopic techniques and bile acid masking agents are discussed as minimally invasive alternatives, providing symptom relief and reducing reliance on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). In addition, the review considers the potential for inhibiting selected mucosal receptors, providing a broad perspective on multidrug therapies. This comprehensive analysis not only presents the current state of GERD therapy, but also offers hope to all for whom reflux is an everyday annoyance.