A review and analysis of contemporary professional literature on the impact of systemic osteoporosis on the bone structure of the alveolar processes, with a particular focus on the pathogenetic mechanisms of disorders of bone remodelling processes. Materials and Methods: The bibliosemantic method was used to clarify the state of the problem, to study the analysis of the results of previous scientific research based on the sources of literature and electronic resources. Conclusions: Thus, the literature shows that the resorptive processes associated with osteoporosis not only alter the bones of the supporting and peripheral skeleton, but also alter the structure of the bone tissue of the jaw. The introduction of a pathogenesis-based approach to treatment will allow significant progress to be made in the dental care of patients with primary osteoporosis. Given the high prevalence of osteoporosis in patients of various profiles, the role of the dentist in the diagnosis and correction of this pathology is becoming increasingly important. It is of particular importance to direct attention to older patients, given the increased risk of developing postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis.